射频识别技术（radio frequency identification, RFID）以其非接触、非视距、低成本及高精度等优点成为室内定位技术的研究热点. 为了加强信号稳定性并提高实时性，该文用流水线方式接收到的包信息作为定位信号参数，针对室内环境对信号传播影响的复杂性，提出了流水线型局部加权回归定位算法，将室内环境对信号传播到各位置的影响融合进算法，以实现精确定位. 实验表明，对于室内定位，所提出的基于RFID 技术的流水线型局部加权回归定位算法相对于经典的LANDMARK 算法和VIRE 算法，定位精度分别提高56.56% 和36.73%. 在多目标的情况下，也可以实现实时精确的定位跟踪，具有良好的实用价值和应用前景.
Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a hot research topic for indoor positioning because it is non-contact and non-line-of-sight with low-cost and high-precision. This paper proposes to use the pipelined packet reception rate as the positioning parameters to enhance stability and improve real-time performance.To deal with the indoor environmental impact on the signal propagation, the pipelined positioning algorithm uses locally weighted regression, which takes full advantage of the indoor environment information to achieve precise positioning. Experimental results show that, for indoor applications, the proposed algorithm increases the positioning accuracy by 56.56% compared with LANDMARK and by 36.73% compared with VIRE. The method can also obtain precise real-time tracking results for multiple targets, showing its practical value and wide range of applications.
[1] ZHOU Jie Han, Gilman E，Ylianttila M， Riekki J．pervasive service computing：visions and challenges[C]//IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT)， 2010: 1335 - 1339．
[2] DEDES G，DEMPSTER A G．Indoor GPS positioning - challenges and opportunities[C]//Vehicular Technology Conference，2005: 412-415．
[3] 闫保中，张帅，张宇．基于RFID 的室内人员定位系统的设计与实现[J]．应用科技，2011，38（11）：39-42，53．YAN Baozhong，ZHANG Shuai，ZHANG Yu．Design and implementation of the indoor personnel positioning system based on RFID[J]．Applied Science and Technology，2011，38（11）：39-42，53．
[4] SAAD S S，NAKAD Z S A．Standalone RFID Indoor Positioning System Using Passive Tags[J]．IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics，2011，58（5）：1961 – 1970．
[5] 李魏峰．基于RFID的室内定位技术研究[D]. 2010．
[6] JIN Guangyao，LU Xiaoyi． An indoor localization mechanism using active RFID tag[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous, and Trustworthy Computing, 2006
[7] ZHU Fengjuan,WEI Zongheng, HU Binjie, CHEN Jianguang, GUO Zimin．Analysis of indoor positioning approaches based on active RFID[C]//International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing，2009: 1 - 4．
[8] WANG Chong，WU Hong Yi，TZENG Nian Feng．RFID-Based 3-D positioning schemes[C]//IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications，2007: 1235 - 1243．
[9] PARK Young Su, LEE Je Won, KIM Sangwoo．Improving position estimation on RFID tag floor localization using RFID reader transmission power control[C]//IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, 2009: 1716 - 1721．
[10] DHANANJAY LAI, MANJESHWAR A, HERRMANN F, UYSAL-BIYIKOGLU E, KESHAVARZIAN A．Measurement and characterization of link quality metrics in energy constrained wireless sensor networks[C]//Global Telecommunications Conference, 2003: 446 - 452．
[11] KHOSHGOFTAAR T M，PANDYA A S，LANNING G D L．Application of neural networks for predicting defects［J］．Annals of Software Engineering,1995, 1(1):141-154．
[12] 王一乐． 基于RFID的室内定位方法研究与应用[D]. 2010．
[13] LIN S, ZHANG J, ZHOUQ G, GU L, STANKOVIC J A, HE T．ATPC: adaptive transmission power control for wireless sensor networks[C]//Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems, 2006: 223-236．
