现有的一些针对JPEG 图像重压缩特征进行篡改取证的方法在检测经历双重JPEG 压缩的图像效果较好，而对经历了多重JPEG 压缩的图像则检测效果不理想. 针对网络上低质量因子图片发生篡改这一情况进行研究，发现图像在经历先小后大质量因子压缩时，若能找到图像前一次经历的压缩痕迹便可以通过“去压缩”将图
像数据进行近似恢复. 通过计算DCT 系数直流分量量化误差的方法来检测图像前一次经历的压缩痕迹，之后结合“去压缩”进行数据恢复后再次进行压缩痕迹检测. 重复该过程，逐步找到图像经历的全部压缩痕迹，并根据待检测图像的不同分块经历的压缩痕迹不一致进行图像篡改检测.
Although some tamper detection methods based on compression characteristics work well for
tampered images that experienced double JPEG compression, they often fail for multiple JPEG compression.
That is because multiple JPEG compression may significantly change the DCT coefficient statistics of the
tampered images. Aimed at low quality network pictures that may be tampered, it is shown that approximate
recovery of the image may be done with a compression-removing method. This is feasible if one can explore
the compression trace of the image that has been compressed with various quality factors. This paper presents
a method to detect compression traces of images by calculating the quantization error of DC coefficient in the
DCT domain. A compression-removing method is then used to approximately recover the image. The same
method is used to detect compression traces in the recovered image afterwards. All compression traces can be
found by repeating the process. If there are different compression traces in different parts of the image, tamper
detection is achieved.
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