目前，微电网电力交易存在着身份认证协议不安全、交易中心化、数据无法追踪溯源、节点之间缺乏共识等问题，而区块链具有分布式存储、去中心化、数据不可篡改等优势.为此，基于联盟链的微电网身份认证协议，将区块链应用于微电网的身份认证以解决上述问题.首先，使用零知识证明解决了新节点的身份认证问题.其次，将其ID写入Merkle树并在整个联盟链中广播，利用区块链可以保证数据不被篡改的原理确保了数据的安全性和可追溯性，解决了传统电力交易的中心化、数据存储不安全、电力交易无法追踪溯源等问题.最后，凭借着瑞波共识协议所具有的安全高效的优势有效地解决了节点之间的共识问题.通过方案对比可知：该方案采用的零知识证明在身份认证中具有计算开销小及瑞波共识机制算法具备共识速率快的优点.经过安全性分析及性能分析可知：该方案在解决微电网的身份认证安全性问题的同时又能保证节点的运行性能最优.
At present, the key problems existing in micro-grid power transaction include the insecurity of identity authentication protocol, the centralization of transaction, and the lack of data traceability and consensus among nodes. Blockchain has the advantages of distributed storage, decentralization and non-tampering of data. To this sense, this paper proposes an authentication protocol of micro-grid power transaction based on consortium Blockchain, which applies blockchain to micro-grid identity authentication to solve the above problems. First, the new node authentication solution is obtained by using zero knowledge proof. Second, its ID is written in the Merkle tree and broadcast in the consortium blockchain, thus, getting rid of the existing problems mentioned above in microgrid power transaction, and ensuring the immutability, security, and traceability of data. Finally, by taking the advantages of Ripple consensus protocol (RCP) in security and efficiency, the proposed protocol can effectively solve the consensus problem between nodes. In comparison with other schemes, the proposed scheme has a lower computational overhead and faster consensus rate. Scheme analysis on security and function shows that this scheme can not only guarantee the security of micro-grid identity authentication, but also ensure the optimal performance of nodes.
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