为解决电子合同在存储、共享过程中出现的数据被篡改或泄露等问题,提出了一种基于区块链的电子合同共享方案。首先,将智能合约与代理重加密技术相结合,构造出一个代理智能合约来代替传统代理重加密过程中的代理商,去中心化地实现了电子合同的安全共享。其次,利用星际文件系统(inter planetary file system,IPFS)存储电子合同密文,区块链存储电子合同索引地址,有效缓解了区块链的存储压力。最后,从方案对比、安全性等方面对所提方案进行分析。
In order to solve the problems of data tampering or leakage in the storage and sharing of electronic contracts, an electronic contract sharing scheme based on blockchain is proposed. First, a proxy smart contract is constructed by combining the contract with the proxy re-encryption to replace the traditional proxy, and the secure sharing of electronic contract is decentralized. Inter planetary file system (IPFS) is then used to store the ciphertext of electronic contract, and the electronic contract index address is stored in the blockchain, which effectively alleviates the storage pressure of the blockchain. Finally, the security performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed.
[1] Nakamoto S. Bitcoin:a peer-to-peer electronic cash system[EB/OL].[2021-06-15]. https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper.
[2] Kang J W, Yu R, Huang X M, et al. Blockchain for secure and efficient data sharing in vehicular edge computing and networks[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2019, 6(3):4660-4670.
[3] Ekblaw A, Azaria A, Halamka J D, et al. A case study for blockchain in healthcare:"MedRec" prototype for electronic health records and medical research data[C]//IEEE Open & Big Data Conference, 2016:1-13.
[4] 周正强, 陈玉玲, 李涛, 等. 基于联盟链的医疗数据安全共享方案[J]. 应用科学学报, 2021, 39(1):123-134. Zhou Z Q, Chen Y L, Li T, et al. Medical data security sharing scheme based on consortium blockchain[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2021, 39(1):123-134. (in Chinese)
[5] Xia Q, Sifah E B, Asamoah K O, et al. MeDShare:trust-less medical data sharing among cloud service providers via blockchain[J]. IEEE Access, 2017, 5:14757-14767.
[6] Hawlitschek F, Notheisen B, Teubner T. The limits of trust-free systems:a literature review on blockchain technology and trust in the sharing economy[J]. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 2018, 29:50-63.
[7] 牛淑芬, 刘文科, 陈俐霞, 等. 基于代理重加密的电子病历数据共享方案[J]. 计算机工程, 2021, 47(6):164-171. Niu S F, Liu W K, Chen L X, et al. Data sharing scheme of electronic medical record based on proxy re-encryption[J]. Computer Engineering, 2021, 47(6):164-171. (in Chinese)
[8] 李莉, 曾庆贤, 文义红, 等. 基于区块链与代理重加密的数据共享方案[J]. 信息网络安全, 2020, 20(8):16-24. Li L, Zeng Q X, Wen Y H, et al. Data sharing scheme based on the blockchain and the proxy re-encryption[J]. Netinfo Security, 2020, 20(8):16-24. (in Chinese)
[9] 唐飞, 陈云龙, 冯卓. 基于区块链和代理重加密的电子处方共享方案[J]. 计算机科学, 2021, 48(S1):498-503. Tang F, Chen Y L, Feng Z. Electronic prescription sharing scheme based on blockchain and proxy re-encryption[J]. Computer Science, 2021, 48(S1):498-503. (in Chinese)
[10] Franks P C. Implications of blockchain distributed ledger technology for records management and information governance programs[J]. Records Management Journal, 30(3):287-299.
[11] Wang X, Feng L B, Zhang H, et al. Human resource information management model based on blockchain technology[C]//2017 IEEE Symposium on Service-Oriented System Engineering (SOSE). IEEE, 2017:168-173.
[12] Yue X, Wang H J, Jin D W, et al. Healthcare data gateways:found healthcare intelligence on blockchain with novel privacy risk control[J]. Journal of Medical Systems, 2016, 40(10):218.
[13] Guo L L, Liu Q F, Shi K, et al. A blockchain-driven electronic contract management system for commodity procurement in electronic power industry[J]. IEEE Access, 2021, 9:9473-9480.
[14] Ma F, Tang N, Xu R, et al. Electronic contract ledger system based on blockchain technology[J]. Journal of Physics:Conference Series, 2021, 1828(1):012112.
[15] 尹稚淳. 基于区块链技术的电子合同系统设计与实现[D]. 沈阳:沈阳师范大学, 2018.
[16] 袁勇, 王飞跃. 区块链技术发展现状与展望.[J]. 自动化学报, 2016, 42(4):481-494. Yuan Y, Wang F Y. Blockchain:the state of the art and future trends[J]. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2016, 42(4):481-494. (in Chinese)
[17] Szabo N. Smart contracts in essays on smart contracts[J]. Commercial Controls and Security, 1994, 2(9):1-22.
[18] 向伟静, 蔡维德. 法律智能合约平台模型的研究与设计[J]. 应用科学学报, 2021, 39(1):109-122. Xiang W J, Cai W D. Research and design of legal smart contract platform model[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2021, 39(1):109-122. (in Chinese)
[19] Blaze M, Bleumer G, Strauss M. Divertible protocols and atomic proxy cryptography[C]//International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques. Springer, 1998:127-144.
[20] Benet J. IPFS-content addressed, versioned, P2P file system[DB/OL]. 2014[2021-11-30]. https://arxiv.org/abs/1407.3561.
[21] Ali M S, Dolui K, Antonelli F. IoT data privacy via blockchains and IPFS[C]//Seventh International Conference on the Internet of Things, 2017:1-7.