区块链技术被广泛运用在物联网、金融、供应链等领域。Hyperledger Fabric是目前主流的企业级许可区块链系统，该系统允许事务并发的执行与验证。然而，在高并发场景下其吞吐量的限制却制约了该系统更大范围的应用。分片技术是现有解决区块链性能问题的方案之一，可同时满足低延迟和高吞吐量的目标，大多数现有分片方案只是针对非许可区块链加密货币的应用，而针对许可区块链的分片研究方案却很少。面向超级账本平台，本文提出了一种多通道交互的分片方案。首先根据客户端事务发送的速率，对当前交易通道进行动态复制，进行并行背书；然后将在排序节点对复制的通道所背书的事务进行合并，生成新的区块；最后并行地在多通道内将新区块分发给各个节点，并整合在主账本内，确保节点之间账本的一致性，并更新世界状态。实验表明，提出的新方法能够在高并发的情况下显著提高事务吞吐量，相对原有的交易流程，吞吐量可提升3倍以上。
Blockchain is widely used in various fields, including the Internet of things and finance. Hyperledger Fabric is the one of the mainstream enterprise-level licensed blockchain systems, but its throughput limitation in high concurrency scenarios hinders wider application. Sharding is a solution to this problem, which can meet the goals of low latency and high throughput simultaneously. However, most existing sharding schemes are designed for non-licensed blockchain confidential currency only. In this paper, we propose a multi-channel interactive sharding scheme for the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain platform. First, the current transaction channel is dynamically copied and endorsed in parallel according to the sending rate of client transactions. Then, the transactions endorsed by the copied channel are emerged at the sorting node to generate new blocks. Finally, the new blocks are distributed to each node in parallel in multiple channels and integrated in the main ledger to ensure the consistency of the ledger between peer nodes and update the world state.
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