计算机科学与应用

碳交易规制下的共享电动汽车充放电优化

展开
  • 上海理工大学 管理学院, 上海 200093

收稿日期: 2022-06-22

  网络出版日期: 2023-09-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(No.72071130,No.71871144);国家自然科学基金匹配项目(No.1P16303003,No.2020KJFZ034,No.2019KJFZ048,No.2018KJFZ035)资助

Charge-Discharge Optimization for Shared Electric Vehicles Under Carbon Trading Regulation

Expand
  • Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China

Received date: 2022-06-22

  Online published: 2023-09-28

摘要

针对当前电网负荷压力大及调峰困难等问题,以换电模式下共享电动汽车作为研究对象,提出了参与碳交易市场和调峰辅助服务市场的电动汽车充放电优化模型。上层模型以电动汽车运营商日运营成本最小为目标对电动汽车进行充放电调度,下层则以电网负荷波动最小为目标对上层的调度结果进行优化。从电动汽车运营商和电网两个角度对比分析了该文所提的充放电方案,并且将一个运行周期内电动汽车运营商与燃油汽车运营商所产生的碳排放量进行比较。仿真结果表明:所提模型可以在满足用户出行需求的同时,降低运营商的成本,同时减小电网负荷波动。

本文引用格式

李军祥, 何雯婷, 王金玲 . 碳交易规制下的共享电动汽车充放电优化[J]. 应用科学学报, 2023 , 41(5) : 896 -910 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0255-8297.2023.05.014

Abstract

In this paper, a charge-discharge optimization model of electric vehicles participating in carbon trading market and peak-shaving auxiliary service market is proposed for the study of shared electric vehicles under the switching mode. In the upper model, EV charge and discharge scheduling is carried out with the goal of minimizing the daily operating cost of EV operators, while the lower model continues to optimize the scheduling results of the upper layer with the goal of minimizing the fluctuation of power grid load. Then, this paper compared and analyzed the charge-discharge schemes from the perspectives of EV operators and the power grid. The carbon emissions produced by electric vehicle operators are compared with that by gas-powered vehicle operators over one operating cycle. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed model can meet users’ travel needs while reducing the cost of operators and the load fluctuation of power grid.

参考文献

[1] 喻小宝, 郑丹丹, 杨康, 等. "双碳" 目标下能源电力行业的机遇与挑战[J]. 华电技术, 2021, 43(6):21-32. Yu X B, Zheng D D, Yang K, et al. Opportunities and challenges faced by energy and power industry with the goal of carbon neutrality and carbon peak[J]. Huadian Technology, 2021, 43(6):21-32. (in Chinese)
[2] 何文韬, 郝晓莉, 陈凤. 基于生命周期的新能源汽车碳足迹评价[J]. 东北财经大学学报, 2022(2):29-41. He W T, Hao X L, Chen F. Carbon footprint evaluation of new energy vehicles based on life cycle[J]. Journal of Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, 2022(2):29-41. (in Chinese)
[3] 周椿奇, 向月, 岑炳成, 等. 清洁能源发展场景下电动汽车入网对区域碳排放的系统动力学建模与分析[J]. 电力科学与技术学报, 2021, 36(3):36-45. Zhou C Q, Xiang Y, Cen B C, et al. System dynamics modeling and analysis of regional carbon emission by electric vehicles development under the evolution of clean energy development[J]. Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology, 2021, 36(3):36-45. (in Chinese)
[4] 王行行, 赵晋泉, 王珂, 等. 考虑用户满意度和配网安全的电动汽车多目标双层充电优化[J]. 电网技术, 2017, 41(7):2165-2172. Wang X X, Zhao J Q, Wang K, et al. Multi-objective Bi-level electric vehicle charging optimization considering user satisfaction degree and distribution grid security[J]. Power System Technology, 2021, 41(7):2165-2172. (in Chinese)
[5] Wang N, Guo J, Liu X, et al. A service demand forecasting model for one-way electric carsharing systems combining long short-term memory networks with granger causality test[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 244:118812.
[6] 危小超, 范玉瑶. 基于博弈和多智能体的汽车共享服务联盟协同策略研究[J]. 应用科学学报, 2020, 38(6):995-1005. Wei X C, Fan Y Y. Research on cooperative strategy of automobile sharing service alliance based on game theory and multi-agent[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2020, 38(6):995-1005. (in Chinese)
[7] 姬杨蓓蓓, 陈欣萌, 成枫. 考虑排放成本的共享电动汽车和共享停车位最优组合定价研究[J]. 管理工程学报, 2022, 36(1):134-145. Ji Y B B, Chen X M, Cheng F. Research on optimal pricing of shared vehicles and shared parking considering traffic emission cost[J]. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 2022, 36(1):134-145. (in Chinese)
[8] 周婷. 基于改进蜂群算法的共享汽车停放区域多目标选址方法[J]. 黑龙江工业学院学报(综合版), 2021, 21(5):83-88. Zhou T. Multi-objective location method of shared car parking area based on improved bee colony algorithm[J]. Journal of Heilongjiang University of Technology (Comprehensive Edition), 2021, 21(5):83-88. (in Chinese)
[9] 栗然, 臧向迪, 张文昕, 等. 共享电动汽车混合充换电站选址优化[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41(10):67-74. Li R, Zang X D, Zhang W X, et al. Location optimization of hybrid charging and changing station for shared electric vehicles[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41(10):67-74. (in Chinese)
[10] Deza A, Huang K, Metel M R. Charging station optimization for balanced electric car sharing[J]. Discrete Applied Mathematics, 2020, 308:187-197.
[11] 葛晓琳, 何鈜博, 符杨, 等. 融合分层规划和A* 算法的共享电动汽车换车与充电路径规划[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(22):7668-7681. Ge X L, He H B, Fu Y, et al. Interchange and charging path planning of shared electric vehicles based on A* algorithm combined with hierarchical programming[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(22):7668-7681. (in Chinese)
[12] Lai K, Chen T, Natarajan B. Optimal scheduling of electric vehicles car-sharing service with multi-temporal and multi-task operation[J]. Energy, 2020, 204:117929.
[13] Wang N, Guo J, Liu X, et al. A Service demand forecasting model for one-way electric carsharing systems combining long short-term memory networks with granger causality test[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 244:118812.
[14] 高岩. 基于需求侧管理实时电价优化方法综述[J]. 上海理工大学学报, 2022, 44(2):103-111, 121. Gao Y. A review on real-time electricity price optimization methods based on demand side management[J]. Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 2022, 44(2):103-111, 121. (in Chinese)
[15] 马少超, 范英. 能源系统低碳转型中的挑战与机遇:车网融合消纳可再生能源[J]. 管理世界, 2022, 38(5):209-223, 242. Ma S C, Fan Y. Challenges and opportunities in the low-carbon transformation of energy systems:utilizing renewable energy through a vehicle-to-grid model[J]. Management World, 2022, 38(5):209-223, 242. (in Chinese)
[16] 林洋佳, 杨军, Ghamgeen I R, 等. 市场环境下共享汽车电池仓库能量管理策略研究[J]. 电测与仪表, 2023, 60(2):53-59. Lin Y J, Yang J, Ghamgeen I R, et al. Research on energy management of shared cars' battery warehouse in electricity market[J]. Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation, 2023, 60(2):53-59. (in Chinese)
[17] 赵新景. "双碳" 目标中碳交易激励机制探析[J]. 环境与发展, 2022, 34(4):49-52, 66. Zhao X J. Analysis on incentive mechanism of carbon trading for achieving 'dual carbon' goal[J]. Environment and Development, 2022, 34(4):49-52, 66. (in Chinese)
[18] 檀勤良, 代美, 梅书凡. 考虑电动汽车碳配额及需求响应的电力系统调度研究[J]. 电网与清洁能源, 2021, 37(7):79-86. Tan Q L, Dai M, Mei S F. Research on electric vehicle carbon quota and demand response in electric power system dispatching[J]. Power System and Clean Energy, 2021, 37(7):79-86. (in Chinese)
[19] 邬嘉雨, 刘洋, 许立雄, 等. 区块链技术下考虑风电不确定性的微网群鲁棒博弈交易模式[J]. 电力建设, 2021, 42(9):10-21. Wu J Y, Liu Y, Xu L X, et al. Robust game transaction model of multi-microgrid system applying blockchain technology considering wind power uncertainty[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2021, 42(9):10-21. (in Chinese)
[20] 侯慧, 王逸凡, 赵波, 等. 价格与激励需求响应下电动汽车负荷聚集商调度策略[J]. 电网技术, 2022, 46(4):1259-1269. Hou H, Wang Y F, Zhao B, et al. Dispatching strategy of electric vehicle aggregator under price and incentive demand response[J]. Power System Technology, 2022, 46(4):1259-1269. (in Chinese)
[21] 陈丽娟, 秦萌, 顾少平, 等. 计及电池损耗的电动公交车参与V2G的优化调度策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(11):52-60. Chen L J, Qin M, Gu S P, et al. Optimal dispatching strategy of electric bus participating in vehicle-to-grid considering battery loss[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44(11):52-60. (in Chinese)
[22] 顾博, 李凤婷, 张增强, 等. 基于GA-PSO的电动汽车换电站时空双层充电优化策略[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2019, 47(14):116-124. Gu B, Li F T, Zhang Z Q, et al. Optimization strategy of electric vehicle battery swapping station space-time bi-level charging based on GA-PSO[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2019, 47(14):116-124. (in Chinese)
[23] Yang S, Wang X, Ning W, et al. An optimization model for charging and discharging batteryexchange buses consider carbon emission quota and peak-shaving auxiliary service market[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2021, 68:102780.
[24] 朱永胜, 杨俊林, 董燕, 等. 考虑风-车不确定性接入的节能减排动态调度研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42(8):316-324. Zhu Y S, Yang J L, Dong Y, et al. Dynamic dispatching with wind-electric vehicle uncertainty accessing for energy saving and emission reduction[J]. ACTA Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2021, 42(8):316-324. (in Chinese)
[25] Huang X, Zhang Y, Li D, et al. An optimal scheduling algorithm for hybrid EV charging scenario using consortium blockchains[J]. Future Generation Computer Systems, 2019, 91:555-562.
[26] 史文龙, 秦文萍, 姚宏民, 等. 计及电动汽车需求差异的智能电网调度策略[J]. 现代电力, 2021, 38(2):221-232. Shi W L, Qin W P, Yao H M, et al. Smart grid dispatching strategy considering the difference of electric vehicle demand[J]. Modern Electric Power, 2021, 38(2):221-232. (in Chinese)
[27] 卢志平, 姚逸飞, 陆成裕. 差异供应链结构下新能源电动汽车换电模式定价策略研究[J]. 系统工程, 2022, 40(2):27-37. Lu Z P, Yao Y F, Lu C Y. Study on pricing strategy of new energy electric vehicle battery swapping mode under differential supply chain structure[J]. Systems Engineering, 2022, 40(2):27-37. (in Chinese)
文章导航

/