针对机舱无线通信覆盖不全面、速度慢、不稳定等问题，该文基于射线跟踪方法构建了机舱环境第5代移动通信技术（5th generation mobile communication technology,5G）信道模型，并分析了信号覆盖能力及信道参数特性。首先，利用三角面元对真实的机舱环境进行三维几何重构，以降低射线跟踪方法获取信道参数的复杂度；然后，结合分簇算法构建5G信道传播模型，进而分析了机舱环境下5G信号覆盖和通信性能。仿真分析结果表明，簇功率偏移和簇时延偏移服从高斯分布，簇到达方位角和簇到达俯仰角偏移服从拉普拉斯分布，同时发现，机舱环境中的密集散射体是影响5G信号覆盖范围的关键因素。上述结论可用于机舱环境5G基站的无线通信信号覆盖预测和多径参数评估等领域。
In response to challenges encountered in wireless communication within aircraft cabins, including incomplete coverage, slow speeds, and instability, this study presents a 5th generation wireless communication technology (5G) channel model tailored for aircraft cabin scenarios using ray tracing methods. The signal coverage ability and channel parameter characteristics are analyzed. Firstly, we conduct three-dimensional geometric reconstruction of the real cabin scene using triangles to reduce the complexity of obtaining channel parameters by ray tracing. Subsequently, the 5G channel propagation model is constructed by combining the clustering algorithm, then the 5G signal coverage and communication performance inside aircraft cabin are analyzed. Simulation results show that the cluster power offset and the cluster time delay offset follow Gauss distribution, while the cluster azimuth angle of arrival offset and the cluster elevation angle of arrival offset follow Laplace distribution. Moreover, we found that the dense scatterers inside aircraft cabin are the key factors affecting 5G signal coverage. These conclusions can be used in the fields of radio signal coverage prediction and multipath parameter evaluation of 5G base station within aircraft cabin scenarios.
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