飞行自组网是当前研究的热点，当无人机节点规模较大时，大量的路由开销可能会导致网络瘫痪，因此路由协议的设计具有挑战性。针对大规模无人机场景，首先提出利用统一连通支配集算法构建虚拟骨干网，目的是减少路由洪泛的节点数；其次在骨干节点上部署和运行NBATMAN-ADV路由协议，利用物理层数据的接收信号强度指标和信噪比评价链路质量，在减少路由开销的同时，能够快速感知链路的变化情况。仿真结果表明，较传统的先验式路由协议如优化链路状态路由和目的节点序列距离矢量，该路由协议在数据包交付率、端到端时延和吞吐量上均有明显的提升。在通信模块上的实验结果表明，该路由协议在多跳时延方面有较好的性能。
Flying ad hoc network is a hot topic in current research, particularly concerning the design of routing mechanisms. The primary challenge lies in managing routing overhead, which can lead to network collapse as the number of UAV nodes increases. To address this issue in large-scale UAVs scenarios, a virtual backbone network is constructed using the unifying connected dominating set algorithm, thereby reducing the number of nodes in route flooding. Next, the NBATMAN-ADV (new better approach to mobile ad-hoc networking-advanced) routing protocol is deployed on the backbone nodes. This protocol evaluates link quality using the received signal strength index and signal-to-noise ratio of the physical layer data, enabling rapid detection of link changes while reducing the routing overhead. Simulation results show that the proposed routing protocol has significantly improved packet delivery rate, end-to-end delay and throughput compared with traditional proactive routing protocols such as optimized link state routing and destination-sequenced distance vector. Experimental results on communication module show that the proposed routing protocol exhibits superior performance in terms of multi-hop delay.
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