Self-Recovery Watermarking for e-Invoice Image Based on Block Classification and RS Coding
Received date: 2016-07-25
Revised date: 2016-08-16
Online published: 2016-09-30
Taking into account watermark size and quality of recovered image that was tampered, this work proposes a self-recovery watermarking algorithm for e-invoice images based on block classification coding. Image blocks in a test e-invoice image are classified into four types: blocks containing important contents, seal, and invoice format information, and blank ones. The block types and the binary information of all non-blank blocks are coded with RS(1,3) and RS(2,3) respectively to generate a recovery watermark. Based on a key, the recovery watermark is randomly embedded into the blocks in an order of seal, format, and blank until all watermark data are used up. To minimize the size of watermark, the recovery watermark based on the type code and binary information code is used for both authentication and image recovery without additional authentication information. Compared with the recent self-recovery approaches for natural images, the proposed method gives better recovery quality with the same watermark size, and produces a smaller watermark with the same recovery quality, and has better performance both in tamper detection and image recovery against general tampering as well as collage attacks.
Key words： e-invoice; self-recovery watermarking; block classification; RS coding
WEI Wei, HE Hong-jie, CHEN Fan . Self-Recovery Watermarking for e-Invoice Image Based on Block Classification and RS Coding[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2016 , 34(5) : 490 -502 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0255-8297.2016.05.002
[1] 国家税务总局. 关于印发《"互联网+税务"行动计划》的通知[EB/OL]. http://www.chinatax.gov.cn/n810341/n810755/c1843071/content.html.
[2] 人民网-财经频道. 解决电子发票"入账报销难"两会委员呼吁推进立法[EB/OL]. http:// finance.people.com.cn/n/2015/0309/c1004-26661164.html.
[3] 国家税务总局. 关于推行通过增值税电子发票系统开具的增值税电子普通发票有关问题的公告[EB/OL]. http://www.chinatax.gov.cn/n810341/n810755/c1919901/content.html.
[4] 冯杰南. 电子发票的改进、应用及其推广[J]. 现代商业,2012, 32: 65. Feng J N. The improvement application and promotion of the electronic invoice [J]. Modern Business Magazine, 2012, 32: 65. (in Chinese)
[5] 郭蕾,暴楠.电子发票的发展分析[J].财会信息化,2012,6: 62-63. Guo L, Bao N. Electronic invoice development analysis [J]. Accounting Information, 2012, 6: 62-63. (in Chinese)
[6] Jiann D L, Yaw H C, Tao Y. Lossless data hiding for VQ indices based on neighboring correlation [J]. Information Science, 2013, 221: 419-438.
[7] He H J, Zhang J S. Self-recovery fragile watermarking using block-neighborhood tampering characterization[C]//Information Hiding, International Workshop, 2009: 132-145.
[8] Zhang X P, Qian Z X, Ren G R. Watermarking with flexible self-recovery quality based on compressive sensing and compositive reconstruction [J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 2011, 6(4): 1223-1232.
[9] Qin C, Chang C C, Chen K N. Adaptive self-recovery for tampered images based on VQ indexing and inpainting [J]. Signal Processing, 2013, 93(4): 933-946.
[10] Pawel K, Andrzej D. Adaptive self-embedding scheme with controlled reconstruction performance[J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 2014, 9(2): 169-181.
[11] Qian Z X, Feng G R, Zhang X P. Image self-embedding with high-quality restoration capability[J]. Digital Signal Processing: a Review Journal, 2011, 21(2): 278-286
[12] 石慧,李明楚. 安全的变容量恢复水印方案[J]. 计算机研究与发展,2014, 51(8): 1715-1726. Shi H, Li M C. Safe variable-capacity self-recovery watermarking scheme [J]. Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2014, 51(8): 1715-1726. (in Chinese)
[13] 陈帆,和红杰,王宏霞.用于图像认证的变容量恢复水印算法[J]. 计算机学报,2012, 35(1): 154-162. Chen F, He H J, Wang H X. Variable-payload self-recovery watermarking scheme for digital image [J]. Chinese Journal of Computers, 2012, 35(1): 154-162. (in Chinese)
[14] Saeed S, Mohammad A A. A Source-channel coding approach to digital image protection and self-recovery [J]. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2015, 24(7): 2266-2277.
[15] He H J, Zhang J S, Chen F. Performance analysis of a block-neighborhood-based self-recovery fragile watermarking scheme [J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 2012, 7(1): 185-196.
[16] Qian Z X, Feng G R. Inpainting assisted self recovery with decreased embedding data [J]. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 2010, 17(11): 929-932.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
