基于区块链的精准扶贫数据保护方案

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0255-8297.2021.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对目前数据管理中普遍存在的中心化存储、防篡改性弱、可追溯性差、缺乏安全有效的共享渠道等问题，借助区块链技术的去中心化、不可篡改等特性研究了一种基于区块链的精准扶贫数据保护方案。以个人档案的形式记录扶贫数据，依托智能合约和星际文件系统等技术使数据以数字档案形式进行新增、更新、验证、共享。将公有链和联盟链结合，以锚定数据快照信息的方式保障数据的安全性。在智能合约构建过程中，采用安全多方计算（secure multi-party computation，SMPC）技术增强合约的执行安全性，解决资金转账等敏感问题。改进Raft共识算法，将各节点的性能、可靠性、地区影响力等维度作为综合性能，设计基于节点综合性能的Raft共识算法，解决数据存储和数据处理效率的问题。利用Postman、JMeter等工具对系统的存证、吞吐量进行测试，所得结果能满足系统的需求。

关键词: 精准扶贫数据, 区块链, 安全多方计算, 星际文件系统, Raft共识算法

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of centralized storage, weak tamper proofing, poor traceability and lack of safe and effective sharing channels, etc., a data protection scheme for targeted poverty alleviation based on blockchain is studied. By taking the advantages of blockchain technology, such as decentralization and unforgeability, poverty reduction data are recorded in the form of personal files. Through smart contract and inter-planetary file system (IPFS) technology, the data can be added, updated, verified and shared in the form of digital files. The combination of public chain and consortium ensures data security by anchoring data snapshot information. In the construction of smart contract, combined with secure multi-party computing (SMPC) technology, the security of contract execution is enhanced, and sensitive issues such as fund transfer are solved. With an improved Raft consensus algorithm, the performance, reliability and regional influence of each node are taken as comprehensive performance, based on which, a Raft consensus algorithm is designed to solve the problems of data storage and data processing efficiency. We use postman and JMeter tools to test the storage certificate and the throughput of the system, and obtain satisfying experimental results.

Key words: data of targeted poverty alleviation, blockchain, secure multi-party computing (SMPC), inter-planetary file system (IPFS), Raft consensus algorithm

中图分类号:

TP309

张利华, 黄阳, 王欣怡, 白甲义, 曹宇, 张赣哲. 基于区块链的精准扶贫数据保护方案[J]. 应用科学学报, 2021, 39(1): 135-150.

ZHANG Lihua, HUANG Yang, WANG Xinyi, BAI Jiayi, CAO Yu, ZHANG Ganzhe. Data Protection Scheme for Targeted Poverty Alleviation Based on Blockchain[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2021, 39(1): 135-150.

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