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应用科学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 672-684.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0255-8297.2021.04.014

• CCF NCCA 2020专辑 • 上一篇    

基于RF的无线传感器网络的MAC协议设计

刘乐钰1, 汪祖民1, 郑祖朋1, 秦静1, 季长清2   

  1. 1. 大连大学 信息工程学院, 辽宁 大连 116622;
    2. 大连大学 物理科学与技术学院, 辽宁 大连 116622
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-25 发布日期:2021-08-04
  • 通信作者: 汪祖民,教授,博导,研究方向为物联网相关理论、技术与应用。E-mail:wangzumin@dlu.edu.cn E-mail:wangzumin@dlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    大连市科技创新基金（No.2018J12Gx049）资助

MAC Protocol Design for RF-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks

LIU Leyu1, WANG Zumin1, ZHENG Zupeng1, QIN Jing1, JI Changqing2   

  1. 1. School of Information Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China;
    2. School of Physical Science and Technology, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2020-08-25 Published:2021-08-04

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摘要： 针对传统无线传感器网络能量供应问题，提出了基于射频能量捕获的无线传感器网络介质访问控制（medium access control，MAC）协议。首先在相邻节点之间运用时分多址（time division multiple access，TDMA）技术按时隙分配信道，使数据在源节点到汇聚节点之间无争用传输；同时控制节点在每个周期内消耗的能量，间接调整节点自身的占空比；然后在缓冲区中设置负载阈值作为节点在通信转换角色中的依据，实现节点间的时间同步；最后对各种网络拓扑结构进行实验模拟，评估其延迟率和数据丢包率。实验结果表明：该协议与基于自适应时分多址的介质访问控制（adaptive TDMA-based MAC，AT-MAC）协议相比，不但延迟率低而且网络模拟结构更接近于现实网络场景，可以满足无线传感器网络的性能需求。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 介质访问控制协议, 时分多址, 能量采集, 占空比

Abstract: To solve the problem of power supply in traditional wireless sensor network (WSN), a medium access control (MAC) protocol based on RF energy capture is proposed. Firstly, the time division multiple access (TDMA) technology is used to allocate channel according to time slot between adjacent nodes, so that data can be transmitted uncontested between source nodes and sink nodes. At the same time, the energy consumed by nodes in each cycle is controlled, and the duty cycle is adjusted indirectly. Then a load threshold is set in the buffer as the basis of each node’s role in the communication transformation to realize time synchronization between nodes. Finally, experimental simulations of various network topologies are carried out to evaluate delay rate and data loss rate. Experimental results show that, compared with the adaptive TDMA-based MAC (AT-MAC) protocol, the proposed protocol not only has lower latency rate, but also has a network simulation structure closer to the real network scenario, which can meet the performance requirements of wireless sensor networks.

Key words: wireless sensor network, medium access control (MAC) protocol, time division multiple access (TDMA), energy harvesting, duty cycle

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