基于大规模光栅阵列光纤的分布式传感技术及应用综述

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0255-8297.2021.05.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 光纤布拉格光栅传感技术因其具有高灵敏度、抗电磁干扰、体积小及易复用等特性而广泛应用于恶劣环境的温度、应变及振动等物理量检测。基于在线光纤拉丝塔的大规模光栅阵列光纤制备方法的实现，突破了传统光纤光栅分布式传感技术受限于机械强度和制备工艺复杂的限制，大大拓展了其在分布式传感领域的应用。本文系统地介绍了大规模光栅阵列光纤的制备、分布式解调方法与应用进展，从大规模光栅阵列光纤的在线制备技术，以及基于该阵列光纤的分布式传感解调技术，包括准静态波长解调技术、高速波长解调技术以及增强型动态相位解调技术等，特别关注解调速度、空间分辨率、复用容量等关键技术及传感性能。同时还介绍了基于大规模光栅阵列光纤的应用包括温度、应变分布式的准静态应用领域，以及振动分布式的相位动态应用领域等，包括大型建筑、机械、航空航天、石油化工等诸多领域的安全监测、故障诊断等工程应用方面。

关键词: 光纤布拉格光栅, 光纤分布式传感, 光时域反射技术, 光频域反射技术

Abstract: Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology is widely used in the detection of temperature, strain and vibration in harsh environment, owing to its high sensitivity, anti-electromagnetic interference, small size and easy reuse. The realization of large-scale grating array fiber preparation method based on on-line fiber drawing tower breaks through the limitations of traditional distributed sensing technology of fiber grating due to mechanical strength and complex preparation process, which greatly expands its application in the field of distributed sensing. In this paper, the fabrication, distributed demodulation method and application progress of large-scale grating array fiber are systematically introduced. Firstly, the on-line fabrication technology and process of large-scale grating array fiber are introduced. Secondly, the distributed sensing demodulation technology including quasi-static wavelength demodulation technology, high-speed wavelength demodulation technology and enhanced dynamic phase demodulation technology are introduced, where some key technologies such as demodulation speed, spatial resolution, multiplexing capacity and sensing performance are especially focused on. At the same time, the applications based on large-scale grating array fiber are also introduced, including quasi-static applications of temperature and strain distribution and phase dynamic applications of vibration distribution, which can be widely applied in safety monitoring and fault diagnosis in large-scale construction, machinery, aerospace, petrochemical, and other engineering fields.

Key words: fiber Bragg grating (FBG), fiber distributed sensing, optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), optical frequency domain reflectometer (OFDR)

中图分类号:

TP212.1

桂鑫, 李政颖, 王洪海, 王立新, 郭会勇. 基于大规模光栅阵列光纤的分布式传感技术及应用综述[J]. 应用科学学报, 2021, 39(5): 747-776.

GUI Xin, LI Zhengying, WANG Honghai, WANG Lixin, GUO Huiyong. Review of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Technology and Application Based on Large-Scale Grating Array Fiber[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2021, 39(5): 747-776.

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