用于分离水-乙醇的醋酸纤维素膜的渗透气化特性

应用科学学报 ›› 1990, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (2): 151-157.

用于分离水-乙醇的醋酸纤维素膜的渗透气化特性

巫炳坤, 施艳荞, 张世民, 程干炬, 陈观文

中国科学院化学所

收稿日期:1988-07-31 出版日期:1990-06-30 发布日期:1990-06-30

SEPARATION OF WATER-ETHANOL MIXTURES BY PERVAPORATION THROUGH CELLULOSE ACETATE MEMBRANES

WU BINGKUN, SHI YANQIAO, ZHANG SHIMIN, CHENG GANJU, OHEN GUANWEN

Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica

Received:1988-07-31 Online:1990-06-30 Published:1990-06-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文研究了二醋酸纤维素(CA),三醋酸纤维素(CTA)均质致密膜及CA反渗透膜对水-乙醇混合液的分离特性,发现这三种膜均呈现出良好的水优先透过性,展示了潜在的应用前景.CA与CTA对不同水-乙醇混合液的渗透气化速率J及选择分离比α,呈现出相同的变化趋势,但在各组成比,CA比CTA致密膜的J值要小,α则大.CA反渗透膜对水-乙醇混合液的渗透气化特性与CA致密膜不同,与操作温度之间的关系也不呈现Arrhenius指数变化规律.对上述透过现象,从膜的溶胀度及形态结构的角度进行了理论探讨.

Abstract: In this paper, the cellulose diacetate (CA) dense membrane, CA reverse osmosis (RO) membrane and cellulose triacetate (CTA) dense membrane were used for the separation of water-ethanol mixtures by pervaporation (PV). The effect of acetyl group contents and the membrane morphology on PV characteristics are discussed. For CA and CTA dense membranes, the total flux (J) and the water-ethanol selectivity coefficient (α) vary with feed compositions in the same way. But for all the feed compositions the J of the CTA dense membrane is slightly higher than that of the CA dense membrane. The J and α of the CA RO membrane vary with feed compositions in the opposite way as the CA dense membrane does.

巫炳坤, 施艳荞, 张世民, 程干炬, 陈观文. 用于分离水-乙醇的醋酸纤维素膜的渗透气化特性[J]. 应用科学学报, 1990, 8(2): 151-157.

WU BINGKUN, SHI YANQIAO, ZHANG SHIMIN, CHENG GANJU, OHEN GUANWEN. SEPARATION OF WATER-ETHANOL MIXTURES BY PERVAPORATION THROUGH CELLULOSE ACETATE MEMBRANES[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 1990, 8(2): 151-157.