传统的电力工程道路横断面测量方法通过接触式测量，对横断面上的各个测量点逐个进行测定，内、外业工作人工劳动强度大。现有基于LiDAR的测量方法虽然解决了外业数据的获取效率问题，但是内业数据处理依然采用手工方式，数据处理效率非常低。针对现有方法的内业处理瓶颈问题，提出了一种融合北斗定位技术和LiDAR移动测量的道路横断面自动获取方法。通过移动载体上的激光扫描数据采集端，获取高精度的道路环境三维激光点云数据；利用北斗定位及惯性测量单元提供的瞬时位姿信息，将点云数据拼接为整体环境点云；根据道路横断面截面所在位置，自动提取待测位置的激光点云，自动提取道路横断面点云数据和生成横断面的标准化格式文件。与现有方法相比，所提方法在内业处理中仅需要设置道路设计要素和横断面的测量间距等信息，可实时获取道路横断面的成果数据，极大地提高了自动化程度和工作效率。
Traditional power engineering road cross-section measurement methods measure the measurement points on each road cross-section one by one in a contact manner, leading to labor-intensive internal and external works. Although existing LiDAR-based measurement methods can improve the efficiency of field data acquisition, internal data processing is still in a low-efficiency manual manner. Aiming at these bottleneck problems, this paper proposes an automatic road cross-section acquisition method that integrates BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) technology and the LiDAR measurement method. The new method obtains high-precision 3D laser point cloud data of road environment through the LiDAR terminals on mobile carriers, and uses the instantaneous pose information provided by BDS and inertial measurement unit (IMU) to construct overall environment point cloud from the point cloud data. Based on the location of a road cross-section, the point cloud of the location is automatically extracted, and the point cloud data of the road cross section is extracted and formed into a standardized format file automatically. Compared with existing methods, the proposed method can obtain result datasets in real time by only operating parameter setting of road design elements and the measurement distance of the cross-sections, greatly improving the degree of automation and work efficiency.
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