In a wireless sensor network with limited energy, node sleep and data forwarding between nodes are a pair of contradictions. Wireless star network is both energy efcient and easy to control, but the network size is small. This paper presents an energy-efcient transfer method without a special router, the star network is extended into an internal and external two layer structure. So the control area increases to four times that of the star type. The following methods are used: 1) The topology control algorithm divides the network nodes into internal and external two layers with the center of the controller as the center. Inner layer nodes are used as routers by outer layer nodes. It simplifes routing and optimizes routing energy consumption. 2) Energy saving timing control. First, the nodes use the sequence of time segments from sleep to revival, reducing the listening time and the consumption of the current. Secondly, the short time monitoring of the inner node is coordinated with the transmission sequence of the outer node. It can not only realize the low energy communication in the normal state, but also solve the fast response in the emergency state. Test and simulation results show that the two level low power wireless network and its control method proposed in this paper are feasible, and its low power consumption and network delay characteristics meet the design requirements.
ZHANG Xue-fan, LIU Yuan, LI Hong
. A Two Layer Low Power Wireless Sensor Network without Router[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2019
, 37(2)
: 271
-281
.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0255-8297.2019.02.012
[1] Dementyev A, Hodges S, Taylor S, Smith J. Power consumption analysis of bluetooth low energy, ZigBee and ANT sensor nodes in a cyclic sleep scenario[C]//Wireless Symposium. IEEE, 2016:1-4.
[2] Benaissa S, Plets D, Tanghe E, Trogh J, Martens L. Internet of animals:characterisation of LoRa sub-GHz off-body wireless channel in dairy barns[J]. Electronics Letters, 2017, 53(18):1281-1283.
[3] 邹玉龙,丁晓进,王全全. NB-IoT关键技术及应用前景[J]. 中兴通讯技术,2017, 23(1):43-46. Zou Y L, Ding X J, Wang Q Q. Key technologies and application prospect for NB-IoT[J]. ZTE Communications, 2017, 23(1):43-46. (in Chinese)
[4] Zayas A D, Merino P. The 3GPP NB-IoT system architecture for the internet of things[C]//International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops). IEEE, 2017:277-282.
[5] Liu S C, Yang F, Song J, Han Z. Block sparse Bayesian learning-based NB-IoT interference elimination in LTE-advanced systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 2017, 65(10):4559-4571.
[6] Zhang L, Ijaz A, Xiao P, Tafazolli R. Channel equalization and interference analysis for uplink narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT)[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2017, 21(10):2206-2209.
[7] IEEE Standard for Low-Rate Wireless Networks[S]. IEEE Std 802.15.4-2015(Revision of IEEE Std 802.15.4-2011), 2016:1-709.
[8] Yang P L, Yan Y B, Li X Y. Taming cross-technology interference for Wi-Fi and ZigBee coexistence networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2016, 15(4):1009-1021.
[9] 杨旸,王翔,黄河清,王营冠. 多跳延时保障无线传感网MAC协议研究[J]. 华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2011(6):24-29. Yang Y, Wang X, Huang H Q, Wang Y G. Guaranteeing multi-hop latency MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Nature Science), 2011(6):24-29. (in Chinese)
[10] Tolani M, Sharma S, Singh R K, Shubham K. Two-layer optimized railway monitoring system using Wi-Fi and ZigBee interfaced wireless sensor network[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2017, 17(7):2241-2248.
[11] Liu F, Wang Y F, Lin M. A distributed routing algorithm for data collection in low-duty-cycle wireless sensor networks[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2017, 4(5):1420-1433.
[12] Wu B, Feng Y P, Zheng H Y. Dynamic cluster members scheduling for target tracking in sensor networks[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2016, 16(19):7242-7249.
[13] 门顺治,孙顺远,徐保国. 基于PSO的无线传感器网络非均匀分簇双簇头路由算法[J]. 传感技术学报, 2014(9):1281-1286. Men S Z, Sun S Y, Xu B G. Wireless sensor networks non-uniform clustering and dclusterheads routing algorithm based on PSO[J]. Journal of Transduction Technology, 2014, 27(9):1281-1286. (in Chinese)
[14] 罗艺华,张昱,裴旭明,曹伟. 无线传感器网络快速节点唤醒方法与系统设计[J]. 计算机工程,2016, 42(12):16-20. Luo Y H, Zhang Y, Pei X M, Cao W. Rapid node wake-up method for wireless sensor network and system design[J]. Computer Engineering, 2016, 42(12):16-20. (in Chinese)
