数字隐写中的素数基广义游动编码 (英)

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Generalized Running Coding with Prime Base for Efficient Steganographic Embedding

ZHANG Xin-peng; WANG Shuo-zhong

School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China

Received:2008-09-01 Revised:2008-10-05 Online:2009-01-25 Published:2009-01-25
Contact: ZHANG Xin-peng

Abstract

Abstract: Steganographic coding such as the running coding described in a previous work can be used to improve embedding efficiency, thus enhance steganographic security. In this paper, we modify the original running coding
method and propose a generalized scheme with a prime base. With the generalized approach, each secret digit in a notational system using a prime base is represented by a series of cover values. Alteration to one cover value is used to embed several secret digits so that distortion is significantly reduced. The previous running coding is in effect a special case of the generalized scheme with a prime base p = 2, i.e., the binary system. Theoretical analysis indicates that the generalized running coding with p = 3 provides the best performance.

Key words: data hiding, steganography, running coding

CLC Number:

ZHANG Xin-peng;WANG Shuo-zhong. Generalized Running Coding with Prime Base for Efficient Steganographic Embedding[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences.

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Generalized Running Coding with Prime Base for Efficient Steganographic Embedding

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