结合WS残差法和MAP载体估计的隐写负载定位

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0255-8297.2014.04.010

应用科学学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 401-408.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0255-8297.2014.04.010

结合WS残差法和MAP载体估计的隐写负载定位

闫晓蒙，张涛，李文祥，平西建

解放军信息工程大学信息系统工程学院，郑州450002

收稿日期:2013-11-03 修回日期:2014-03-12 出版日期:2014-07-31 发布日期:2014-03-12
作者简介:张涛，副教授，研究方向：信息隐藏、图像处理、模式识别，E-mail: brunda@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(No.61272490, No.60903221)资助

Locating Steganographic Payload by Combining WS Residuals and MAP Cover Estimator

YAN Xiao-meng, ZHANG Tao, LI Wen-xiang, PING Xi-jian

Institute of Information System Engineering, PLA Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450002, China

Received:2013-11-03 Revised:2014-03-12 Online:2014-07-31 Published:2014-03-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对最不重要比特位(least significant bit, LSB)替换隐写算法，将加权载密图像(weighed-stego, WS)残差法和最大后验概率(maximum a posteriori, MAP)载体估计法相结合，提出了一种改进的载体估计方法. 首先利用WS方法初步定位负载，然后将该初步定位结果作为先验信息应用到改进的MAP载体估计算法中，可以
得到更精确的载体估计算法，最后计算残差得到最终的负载定位结果. 实验表明，无论是针对空域BMP图像还是JPEG解压缩图像上的LSB替换隐写，该方法均能提高负载定位的准确率，且对于不同嵌入率也有较好的稳健性.

关键词: 隐写分析, LSB替换, 载体估计, 负载定位

Abstract: This paper proposes a modified method of payload location aimed at least significant bit replacement (LSB-R) by combining weighed-stego (WS) residuals with maximum a posteriori (MAP) cover estimator.We use the WS residuals to locate payloads, and take the results as a priori information to apply the modified MAP cover estimator to get more accurate cover estimates. The residuals are then computed to locate payloads. Experimental results demonstrate effectiveness of the approach in locating payloads both on JPEGdecompressed images and originally lossless stored images. Furthermore, the proposed approach is suitable for payload location with different embedding rates.

Key words: steganalysis, LSB replacement, cover estimation, payload location

中图分类号:

TP391

闫晓蒙，张涛，李文祥，平西建. 结合WS残差法和MAP载体估计的隐写负载定位[J]. 应用科学学报, 2014, 32(4): 401-408.

YAN Xiao-meng, ZHANG Tao, LI Wen-xiang, PING Xi-jian. Locating Steganographic Payload by Combining WS Residuals and MAP Cover Estimator[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2014, 32(4): 401-408.

参考文献

[1] PETITCOLAS F A P, ANDERSON R J, KUHN M G. Information hiding-A survey [J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, Special Issue on Identification and Protection of Multimedia Information, 1999，87(7):1062-1078.

[2] WESTFELD A, PFITZMANN A. Attacks on steganographic systems [C]// Third International Workshop on Information Hiding, Lecture Notes in Computer Science ,2000,1768: 61-76.

[3] FRIDRICH J, GOLJAN M, RUI D. Reliable detection of LSB steganography in color and grayscale images [C]// International Multimedia Conference on Multimedia and security: new challenges 2001: 27-30.

[4] ZHANG Tao, PING Xijian. A new approach to reliable detection of LSB steganography in natural image [J]. Signal Process, 2003, 83(10): 2085-2093.

[5] QUACH T T. On locating steganographic payload using residuals[J]. SPIE Media Watermarking, Security, and Forensics III, 2011,7880: 78800J1-7.

[6] DAVIDSON I, PAUL G. Locating Secret Messages in Images[C]// Tenth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining ,2004:545-550.

[7] AGAIAN S S, BENJAMIN M R, Glenn B D. Steganalysis using modified pixel comparison and complexity measure[J]. SPIE Security, Steganography, and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents VI, 2004, 5306.

[8] KONG Xiangwei, LIU Wenfeng, YOU Xingang. Secret message location steganalysis based on local coherences of hue[M]. Advances in Multimedia Information Processing-PCM 2005, 2005, 3768: 301-311.

[9] KER A D. Locating steganographic payload via WS residuals[C]// the 10th ACM Workshop on Multimedia and Security, 2008:27-32.

[10] FRIDRICH J，GOLJAN M. On estimation of secret message length in LSB steganography in spatial domain[J]. SPIE Security, Steganography, and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents VI,2004, 5306:23-34.

[11] KER A D，LUBENKO I. Feature reduction and payload location with WAM steganalysis[J]. SPIE Media Forensics and Security XI, 2009, 7254:0A01-0A13.

[12] YI Luo, LI Xiaolong, Yang Bin. Locating steganographic payload for LSB matching embedding[C]// IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), 2011, 1-6.

[13] QUACH T T. Optimal cover estimation methods and steganographic payload location[J]. IEEE International Conference on information Forensics and Security, 2011, 6(4): 1214-1222.

[14] QUACH T T. Locating payload embedded by group-parity steganography[J]. Digital Investigation, 2012, 9(2):160-166.

[15] KER A D, BÖHME R. Revisiting weighted stego-image steganalysis[C]// SPIE Security，Forensics，Steganography and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents X, 2008, 6819:05-16.

结合WS残差法和MAP载体估计的隐写负载定位

Locating Steganographic Payload by Combining WS Residuals and MAP Cover Estimator

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	李松斌, 杨洁, 刘鹏, 王凌睿. 基于关联网络模型的H.264/AVC运动矢量调制信息隐藏检测方法[J]. 应用科学学报, 2019, 37(5): 663-672.
[2]	汪然, 牛少彰, 平西建, 张涛, 桑晓丹. 降低特征类内离散度的JPEG图像隐写分析[J]. 应用科学学报, 2019, 37(1): 41-50.
[3]	史晓裕, 李斌, 谭舜泉. 深度学习空域隐写分析的预处理层[J]. 应用科学学报, 2018, 36(2): 309-320.
[4]	郑国华, 冯国瑞, 余江, 程航, 张新鹏. 基于LSB检测的JPEG隐写分析特征增强方法[J]. 应用科学学报, 2016, 34(6): 670-676.
[5]	孙物一, 冯国瑞. 基于高维特征正则化的JPEG图像隐写分析[J]. 应用科学学报, 2016, 34(5): 555-563.
[6]	刘格, 黄方军, 李中华. 针对自适应隐写的通用隐写分析研究[J]. 应用科学学报, 2016, 34(5): 598-604.
[7]	欧阳春娟, 刘昌鑫, 刘欢. 混合蛙跳优化决策面的LSB±k隐写算法[J]. 应用科学学报, 2015, 33(6): 663-670.
[8]	谢凯，张涛，奚玲，李文祥，平西建. k均值聚类的混合异构图像隐写分析[J]. 应用科学学报, 2014, 32(5): 543-550.
[9]	李韬，平西建. 一种基于图像内容的隐写分析方法[J]. 应用科学学报, 2013, 31(4): 394-401.
[10]	李星1,2，张涛1，何赞园2，李文祥1，李开达1，平西建1. 结合重压缩检测的JPEG 图像多类隐写分析[J]. 应用科学学报, 2013, 31(2): 190-196.
[11]	李侃1,2，平西建1. 基于图像内容和特征融合的隐写盲检测[J]. 应用科学学报, 2013, 31(1): 97-103.
[12]	李开达，张涛，平西建，李星. 基于组合赋权及TOPSIS 的隐写分析算法综合评估[J]. 应用科学学报, 2012, 30(4): 335-342.
[13]	胡沉，王建军. 基于超图的图像隐写方法[J]. 应用科学学报, 2012, 30(2): 165-172.
[14]	汪然，平西建，郑二功. 基于直方图局部平滑度的LSB匹配隐写分析[J]. 应用科学学报, 2012, 30(1): 96-104.
[15]	郑二功，平西建，张涛. 应用空域局部高斯混合模型的LSB匹配隐写分析[J]. 应用科学学报, 2010, 28(4): 347-353.